SHLOYME
TSHERNYOVSKI (TSHERNYOVSKI) (1909-August 19, 1974)
He was born in Kovel, Volhynia,
Ukraine. His parents died in a pogrom,
and he was raised in a children’s home. In
the early 1930s, he moved to Kharkov and worked for the newspaper Der shtern (The star). He began publishing in 1933 poetry and
translations of Ukrainian poets in: Yunger
boy-klang (Young sound of construction), Yunge gvardye (Young guard), Komunist
(Communist), and Prolit (Proletarian
literature)—in Kharkov; Di fraye yugent
(Free youth) in Kiev; Pyoner (Pioneer)
and Yungvald (Young forest) in
Moscow; Litkomyug, a
komyugisher zamlbukh: proze, poezye un kritik (Literary Communist youth: a
Communist youth anthology of prose, poetry, and criticism) (Kharkov-Kiev, 1933); Almanakh fun yidishe sovetishe shrayber tsum alfarbandishn
shrayber-tsuzamenfor (Almanac, from Soviet Jewish writers to the all-Soviet
conference of writers) (Kharkov, 1934); Eynikeyt (Unity) in Moscow (1947); and other serials. In book form: Flamike yugent (Youth on fire), poems (Kiev-Kharkov, 1935), 64 pp.;
and Lirik (Lyric) (Kiev, 1940), 121
pp. During the repression of Yiddish
literature in the Soviet Union, he was expelled from the writers’ association
for “lack of creativity,” and he was thus rendered invisible. Then, in the first issue of Sovetish heymland (Soviet homeland) (Moscow)
1 (July-August 1961), his poem “Libshaft” (Love) appeared. Subsequent poems were published in Sovetish heymland on occasion. He died in Kiev.
Sources:
D. T-n, in Shtern (Kharkov) 290
(1935); M. Marefes, in Yunge gvardye
(Kharkov) 1 (1936); N. Rubinshteyn, Dos
yidishe bukh in sovetn-farband in 1932 (The Yiddish book in the Soviet Union
in 1932) (Minsk, 1933), p. 132; Al. Pomerants, Inzhenern fun neshomes (Engineers of souls) (New
York, 1943), p. 56; N. Mayzil, Dos yidishe shafn un der yidisher shrayber in sovetnfarband (Jewish
creation and the Yiddish writer in the Soviet Union) (New York, 1959), pp. 128,
132; B. Ts. Goldberg, in Tog-morgn-zhurnal
(New York) (October 10, 1961); Sovetish
heymland, Materyaln far a leksikon
fun der yidisher sovetisher literatur (Materials for a handbook of Soviet
Jewish literature) (September 1975).
Khayim Leyb Fuks
[Additional
information from: Berl Kagan, comp., Leksikon
fun yidish-shraybers (Biographical dictionary of Yiddish writers) (New
York, 1986), col. 290; Chaim Beider, Leksikon
fun yidishe shrayber in ratn-farband (Biographical dictionary of Yiddish
writers in the Soviet Union), ed. Boris Sandler and Gennady Estraikh (New York:
Congress for Jewish Culture, Inc., 2011), pp. 169-70.]
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