ELYE
(ELI) TSHERNYAVSKI
He came from Minsk, Byelorussia, and
was a labor leader, historian, and demographer.
He lectured on the history of the labor movement in Byelorussia at the
Minsk pedagogical institute (1930-1934) and was a member of the historical
commission of the Jewish section of the Byelorussian Scientific Academy. He contributed work to: Oktyabr (October), Shtern
(Star), and publications of the Jewish section of the Byelorussian Scientific
Academy: Tsaytshrift (Periodical) in
1930 and Afn visnshaftlekhn front (On
the scientific front) in 1932-1935—all in Minsk. His books include: Der yidisher arbeter in vaysrusland, bam baginen fun der yidisher
arbeter-bavegung (The Jewish workers in Byelorussia, at the dawn of the
Jewish labor movement) (Minsk, 1932), 166 pp.; Di antshteyung fun der arbeter-bavegung in vaysrusland (The
perspective of the labor movement in Byelorussia) (Minsk, 1934), 180 pp. Both books, which overlooked citations from
Lenin that “Jews from the scientific standpoint were not a nation” (ethnic
group) and his attacks on the Bund, were nonetheless vilified by Communist
Party critics “for apologizing to class enemies and for Jewish nationalism,”
and this led to his liquidation.
Sources:
R-n, in Afn visnshaftlekhn front
(Minsk) 1-2 (1932), pp. 142, 145; Y. Hershenboym, in Emes (Moscow) 140 (1933); V. Frishman, in Oktyabr (Minsk) 140 (1933); N. Rubinshteyn, Dos yidishe bukh in sovetn-farband in 1932 (The Yiddish book in the
Soviet Union in 1932) (Minsk, 1933), no. 127; N. Mayzil, Dos yidishe shafn un der yidisher shrayber in sovetnfarband (Jewish
creation and the Yiddish writer in the Soviet Union) (New York, 1959), p. 128.
Khayim Leyb Fuks
[Additional
information from: Chaim Beider, Leksikon
fun yidishe shrayber in ratn-farband (Biographical dictionary of Yiddish
writers in the Soviet Union), ed. Boris Sandler and Gennady Estraikh (New York:
Congress for Jewish Culture, Inc., 2011), pp. 168-69.]
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